Women in Kazakhstan Wikipedia

The man bore the function of breadwinner and the woman showed submissiveness and care in return. All decisions regarding nomadic routes, conflict resolution, and relationships with neighboring tribes were made by men, with the eldest in the family enjoying the greatest rights. Women could not take an oath in court and could almost never be present in person in court; their interests were protected either by their husband or by their husband’s relatives. One of the taboos in Kazakh society was women’s presence in the public sphere. In general, a woman’s social status always depended on the status of her husband and sons. Officially, women’s main duty was to give birth and raise children.

• In Figure 4, below, Level 1 objectification is the lowest and is defined by a human character who is used to sell a product in a highly relevant way that does not rely solely on their appearance.
• The dramatic scenario of the AIDS/HIV spread in other countries can be repeated in Kazakhstan where the society is not ready to independently cope with the solution of this problem.
• It is perhaps not surprising that the name Sapura/Sapara Matenkyzy – a warrior woman who led units of up to 10,000 people in the 18th century does not sound familiar to most people.

It is remarkable that use of different sources of the information results in a significant difference in their further behavior. What is happening today to women in Kazakhstan – an Asian country? Is the stereotype “only men are subject to the smoking and alcohol habits” quite correct? For the last seven years, the level of tobacco consumption in Kazakhstan increased by 8 %, but among the women this parameter increased by 12 %.

“The Breath of the Government on My Back”

This was furthered during the Soviet years when Russian language, Russian culture, and the power in Moscow took very prominent places in Kazakhstan. While tensions between the two groups were often subtle and barely visible, they erupted violently during the 16 December, 1986 riots over Russian control of the Kazakh Communist Party. The day of 16 December is a very important and proud one in recent Kazakh history, as evidence of their nationalism and unity as a people . This trend of gender-role re-traditionalization creates a stark disconnect from the Kazakh government’s stated goal of gender equality. Economic motivations have led Kazakhstan to seek greater acceptance from the Western world by claiming to champion gender equality, but the development of a distinct national identity is also a central government concern. It appears that the Kazakh government has, at least for now, prioritized its national identity building over its desire for further Western economic integration.

They accompany themselves on the dombyra, a two-stringed, long-necked lute. Ulzhan Baibosynova learned this bastau from Bidas Rustembekov, a well-known zhyrau who lives in the vicinity of Qyzylorda in central Kazakhstan. Bidas Rustembekov learned it from his father, Rustembek-zhyrau, who learned it from his own father, Zhienbai-zhyrau, the composer of the bastau. After the Soviets came to power in Turkmenistan, the struggle was just against wearing a borik. The final knell sounded in the 1970s, when collective farmers began to receive passports. One had to be photographed without a headdress for a passport photo. The desire for a passport was stronger than the urge to cover one’s head.

First, the mass involvement of women in social production affected private gender relations, as it gave women economic and social freedom from men. Second, the politicization of motherhood and the relative neglect of fatherhood legitimized women’s https://www.mindbodygreen.com/articles/best-dating-apps control over children and undermined men’s position in the family. Third, women gradually became disciplinary agents of the state, as they helped the state control men’s behavior. There was a conflict of different understandings of the male role in Soviet society. A man’s word was no longer law; a woman had the right to protest her husband’s shortcomings. Moreover, women were dissatisfied with men’s non-participation in domestic life and the fact that men no longer fulfilled the role of a breadwinner. In March, Almaty had its first authorized international women’s day march, with hundreds of peaceful protestors calling for better protection for women’s rights, for gender equality, and criminalization of domestic violence.

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I missed my family, I missed feeling at ease, I missed feeling like I belonged. Though I had experienced these feelings while studying in Russia, I had had the safety net of my study abroad program and my American friends in St. Petersburg.

It’s a country that is severely underrated by digital nomads and regular travelers. Kazakhstan’s first female presidential candidate Dania Espaeva participated in the 2019 presidential elections. As a Mazhilis MP, Espaeva was nominated from the https://absolute-woman.com/asian-women/kazakhstan-women/ Ak Zhol Democratic Party and was one of seven candidates. International Women’s Day is an official state holiday in Kazakhstan. The maternal mortality rate in Kazakhstan is 12 deaths/100,000 live births . The total fertility rate is 2.31 children born/woman , which is slightly above the replacement rate.

A more traditional Central Asian dish, although not conclusively Kazakh, is manti, a large dough pocket filled with meat, onions, and sometimes pumpkin. Oil money, foreign investments, and a new management style have created a whole new style in Kazakhstan. The big cities have casinos, Turkish fast food restaurants, and American steak houses; modern bowling alleys and movie theaters are opening up amid old and decaying Soviet buildings. Private homes are also changing; sometimes next to or between old Soviet-style one-story austere houses, new two- and three-story houses with two-car garages and large, fenced-in yards are being built. While work and utilitarianism had definite effects on Kazakhstan’s architecture, so did the belief in unity and the rights of the people.

Those who self-reported as testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to work longer hours per week, rate PPE more poorly, and suffer from a higher level of emotional exhaustion; no differences were seen by gender. Frontline health-care workers, especially medical doctors, experienced longer working hours during the pandemic with no differences by gender. There was a median increase of 8 hours per week with an additional increase of 5 hours per week during the peak of the epidemiological situation. There were no differences in access to PPE or training based on gender. However, women were significantly less likely to use isolated living facilities while working on the frontline due to their responsibilities for household care.

Kazakhstan has a historical fear of China and thus watches its border with that country closely, but the most unstable areas for Kazakhstan involve its neighbors to the south. Movements in Afghanistan have spread to the failed state of Tajikistan, forming a center of Islamic fundamentalism not far to Kazakhstan’s south. Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan have already dealt with attacks from rebel groups in Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan has significantly increased its military presence on its borders with Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan.

The IV Eurasian Women’s Summit was held in Astana in November 2015. During the IV Eurasian Women’s Summit, EBRD launched Women in Business programme. Under the programme, EBRD allocates multi-million loans to women-led SME’s and assists them with accessing finance and business advice. The EBRD signed the first credit line under the programme in September 2016, providing 3.72 billion tenge (approximately US$20 million) to Bank CenterCredit for on-lending to women-led SMEs. Women are increasingly holding high-ranking political and government positions. In December 2009 Kazakhstan adopted the law “On the state guarantees of equal rights and equal opportunities for men and women”, which stipulates equal access of men and women to civil service.